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The recent excavations of the workmen's village near Deir el-Medina has unearthed a treasure trove of everyday life. The poor, of course, had no recourse to richly decorated tombs, but they, too, honored the traditions and buried in the sand what little they had to use later. For the upper class, it was a life of unbridled happiness and unsurpassed glamour. Look closely at the inscribed gold-and-silver dish and see young girls swimming in a garden pool surrounded by lush greenery under columned pavilions as they chase ducks. The walls spill over with vibrant scenes of hunting, dancing, fishing, parties, parades. Anything they used in life they wanted in death. So they filled their tombs with everyday objects that they would need later – beds, chairs, and cedar chests chariots, weapons, game boards, unguent jars and cosmetics, wine and beer jugs, musical instruments, pen and papyrus, clothing, food stuffs, pets. Of their everyday existence we have the tombs, richly painted on every surface with intensely personal and intimate scenes.įor all their devotion to the gods, the ancient Egyptians loved life and wanted it to continue into eternity. Only temples survived the millennia, covered in inscriptions which detail the official, approved story. Elegant palaces with malachite floors, silver door jambs, and gilded walls were no more permanent than huts of the Fellahin. Only sanctuaries devoted to the gods and their earthly avatars were carved from stone, everything else was mud brick. Commanding, egotistical, regal, he was revered as a god while living and still survives as a mummy in the soon-to-open spectacular Grand Egyptian Museum near the pyramids of Giza outside Cairo, his wispy hair dyed red with henna.Īlmost everything we know about ancient Egypt derives from two sources: temples and tombs. Modern audiences know him from Yul Brynner's iconic portrayal in Cecil B. It elevated them into another plane.Ĭlassical scholars know Ramses II from hazy references in the Histories of Herodotus and Diodorus poets know his Greek name Ozymandias from Shelley's sonnet archaeologists know him from his incessant propaganda (his name is incised on nearly every extant monument throughout Egypt). The bright display from their temples and palaces enriched their lives. But if you think about it, what other colors did they live with every day except the dun of the desert, the green of the Nile, and the narrow strips of vegetation bordering the sacred river. The ancient Egyptian world was ablaze in a riot of color: red, blue, ocher, green, embossed with silver, gold, amethyst, turquoise. You may be surprised, if not stunned, to see what the latest discoveries have unearthed.Įverything – every surface, every statue and column, every chiseled feather or eyebrow, every sphinx – was painted or inlaid with precious metals or jewels. This is state-of-the-art display design, crafted to capture the imagination, spacious, well-captioned, and augmented by numerous video installations using CGI technique to fly through tombs and temples showing before-and-after views. The story of his lengthy life and the unparalleled splendor of his reign is on awesome display at the Houston Museum of Natural Science in the special traveling exhibition Ramses the Great and the Gold of the Pharaohs. But the first to be called so, even during his own lifetime, was Ramses II, pharaoh of Egypt.
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Throughout history, saints and sinners, czars and generals have been called “great,” from Alexander of Macedonia, Catherine of Russia, Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon, to Charlemagne of France, Alfred of England, and Kamehameha of Hawaii.